Instagram is blocked in more places than most people assume. China has kept it out since 2014. Iran blocked it after the 2022 protests. Russia banned it in March 2022 along with the rest of Meta's apps. Turkey switched it off for nine days in 2024 in a row over removed posts. And every day far more people lose it to a much smaller authority: the Wi-Fi at their school, their office, their hotel or their gym.
Whoever is doing the blocking, the mechanism is similar. The names instagram.com and cdninstagram.com are stopped from resolving, the IP ranges Meta uses are dropped at the gateway, and on networks that inspect HTTPS, the server name in the connection is matched against a block list. The app shows a feed that never loads, or a vague error about a connection problem, rather than a message saying it is blocked.
A VPN gets past all three layers at once because the network no longer sees Instagram at all. It sees an encrypted tunnel to a server in another country, and inside that tunnel the app talks to Instagram as usual. GhostShield's WireGuard tunnel carries the feed, stories, reels and direct messages with the same speed you would get at home.
One honest caution about Instagram itself: Meta watches for logins from unusual places. If you connect from a server far from where you normally use the app, you may be asked to confirm it is you by email or SMS. Choosing a server in your own country, or the one you use most, avoids most of those prompts.